PHOTOVOLTAICS – FREE ELECTRICITY
Solar energy, from the sun’s rays, can be converted directly into electricity using photovoltaic (PV) technology. PV systems can provide a variety of benefits to a home or business. You can find more information about choosing a fotovoltaicke.
They do not pollute the environment, unlike most energy sources such as fossil fuels and nuclear power plants. Additionally, photovoltaic technology is more affordable than most conventional energies today.
The basic principle behind PV technology is simple: sunlight, which contains photons or particles of energy, strikes a semiconductor material, called a photovoltaic cell. Some photons are absorbed by the semiconductor material, while others reflect off of the material or pass right through it. The absorbed photons provide enough energy to cause electrons within the semiconductor material to dislodge from their atoms.
These dislodged electrons then travel toward the front surface of the solar cell, which has been treated to be more receptive to them. The difference between the positive and negative charges on the front and back surfaces of the solar cell creates an electrical voltage potential, just like the negative and positive terminals of a battery.
There are various kinds of semiconductor materials used in PV cells, including silicon. Crystalline silicon is by far the most common, representing approximately 95% of all solar cells sold today.
Other types of semiconductor material include thin-film devices such as amorphous silicon and perovskite. Thin-film cells are much more lightweight, flexible and durable than traditional silicon solar cells.
A number of newer and less expensive types of PV cells have been developed recently. These include devices made from cadmium telluride (CdTe), amorphous silicon (a-Si), copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) and gallium arsenide (GaAs).
The most popular type of PV cells is the crystalline silicon cells, which are also the most efficient. The crystalline structure of the silicon is what makes it so effective at converting light to energy.
Most crystalline silicon cells are still not as efficient as they should be, however. This is because the crystalline silicon lattice can only absorb certain wavelengths of light and convert them to electricity.
Researchers have invented other kinds of semiconductors that can absorb a wider range of wavelengths than crystalline silicon does, and these can have much higher efficiencies. These are called “low band-gap” PV technologies, and they have been shown to generate more power from a given area of solar radiation than standard crystalline silicon PVs can.
While these newer PV technologies are not yet commercially available, they can be a good way to increase the amount of energy that your PV system can produce. They are also more flexible, allowing your system to be installed in a variety of configurations.
These newer and more affordable PV technologies are also becoming more reliable, resulting in a more consistent output of electricity. This is especially important if you plan to sell the generated power on the electric grid.
Whether you use them as standalone devices, in solar panels or in a combination of both, PV systems are the cleanest way to harness and use energy from the sun, providing many environmental and economic benefits. Furthermore, they are cost-effective and can be deployed quickly, making them a great option for homes and businesses.
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